\u00a0Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti podobn\u00fdch kov\u016f roztav\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a\u00a0pot\u00e9 chladnut\u00edm spoj\u00ed dohromady. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed procesu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vznik\u00e1 takov\u00fd spoj, kter\u00fd je stejn\u011b siln\u00fd nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozsah teplot 800 \u00baC \u2013 1635 \u00b0C. Mezi obecn\u00e1 rizika sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00fd proud, rozst\u0159ik roztaven\u00e9ho kovu, n\u00e1raz, hluk, \u0161kodliv\u00fd prach, kou\u0159, v\u00fdpary, intenzivn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 a\u00a0sv\u011bteln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Osobn\u00ed ochrann\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed prost\u0159edky v\u00e1s dok\u00e1\u017eou p\u0159ed t\u011bmito riziky ochr\u00e1nit!<\/p>\n
ZDRAVOTN\u00cd RIZIKA P\u0158I SVA\u0158OV\u00c1N\u00cd<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Chemick\u00e1 rizika<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 d\u00fdmy a\u00a0plyny poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edho nebo p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, z\u00a0barev a\u00a0n\u00e1t\u011br\u016f na kovu,z obal\u016f elektrod, z ochrann\u00fdch plyn\u016f a z\u00a0 plyn\u016f vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159i chemick\u00fdch reakc\u00edch v elektrick\u00e9m oblouku p\u016fsoben\u00edm vysok\u00fdch teplot a UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. D\u00e1le pak z jin\u00fdch odpa\u0159en\u00fdch ne\u010distot, jako jsou t\u0159eba \u010dist\u00edc\u00ed prost\u0159edky a r\u016fzn\u00e1 odma\u0161\u0165ovadla. Vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f na pracovi\u0161ti je v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 riziko, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit \u0159adu zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. (Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed viz kapitola \u201eZdravotn\u00ed rizika\u201c ). Mezi nejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1tky pat\u0159\u00ed oz\u00f3n, chrom p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve sv\u00e9 \u0161estimocn\u00e9 variant\u011b (Cr 6 +), nikl (potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed karcinogeny), kadmium a\u00a0olovo. Kadmium ze sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt fat\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky v\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b. UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 podn\u011bt k\u00a0reakc\u00edm kysl\u00edku a\u00a0dus\u00edku ve vzduchu za vzniku ozonu a\u00a0oxid\u016f dus\u00edku, kter\u00e9 jsou ve vysok\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, dr\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed nos a\u00a0krk\u00a0 a\u00a0zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nemoci plic. Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee rovn\u011b\u017e zp\u016fsobovat reakce chlorderiv\u00e1t\u016f uhlovod\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0rozpou\u0161t\u011bdel (jako trichloretylen; tetrachlorethylen; 1,1,1,-trichlorethan nebo methylenchlorid) p\u0159i kter\u00fdch vznik\u00e1 fosgen, kter\u00fd je jedovat\u00fd u\u017e v\u00a0mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edznaky expozice jako z\u00e1vrat\u011b, zimnice a ka\u0161el se obvykle projev\u00ed asi po p\u011bti a\u017e \u0161esti hodin\u00e1ch. Jeden sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d vyprodukuje cca. 20-40 g plyn\u016f za hodinu, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 asi 35-70 kg sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f za rok. (OEL pro sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 d\u00fdmy je p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed 5mg\/m3.)<\/p>\n
Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00fdm obloukem a\u00a0laserem vznik\u00e1 ultrafialov\u00e9 (UV), infra\u010derven\u00e9 (IR) a\u00a0velmi intenzivn\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plamenem rovn\u011b\u017e vznik\u00e1 siln\u00e9 infra\u010derven\u00e9 a\u00a0viditeln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na organismus z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu a\u00a0intenzit\u011b, vzd\u00e1lenosti pracovn\u00edka od zdroje a\u00a0dob\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed expozice.<\/p>\n
Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (UV) vznik\u00e1 v\u00a0elektrick\u00e9m oblouku p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vystaven\u00ed poko\u017eky tomuto z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bez ochrany m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm pop\u00e1lenin\u00e1m bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed. UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 po\u0161kodit \u010do\u010dku lidsk\u00e9ho oka a\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u011b zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1n\u011bt, sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016fm dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd pocit p\u00e1len\u00ed v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (IR) uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00a0elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku a\u00a0p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plamenem m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t poko\u017eku a\u00a0tk\u00e1n\u011b bezprost\u0159edn\u011b pod povrchem. Krom\u011b tohoto efektu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch zp\u016fsobovat pop\u00e1leniny, IR nen\u00ed pro sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010de p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Nav\u00edc v\u011bt\u0161ina sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016f se chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed IR (a\u00a0UV) sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdmi kuklami (nebo br\u00fdlemi) a\u00a0ochrann\u00fdmi od\u011bvy.<\/p>\n
Intenzivn\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Vystaven\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho oka intenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vede k\u00a0adaptaci oka, pupil\u00e1rn\u00edmu reflexu (stahov\u00e1n\u00ed zornic) a\u00a0p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. To jsou obrann\u00e9 mechanismy oka, kter\u00e9 se br\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. P\u0159i obloukov\u00e9m sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je proti itenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 sva\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 kukly, proto\u017ee v d\u016fsledku opakovan\u00e9ho neopatrn\u00e9ho \u201esledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c oblouku m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0trval\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Pro v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky v\u00a0okol\u00ed plat\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0 oblouk by nikdy nem\u011bl b\u00fdt sledov\u00e1n bez ochrany o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
![](\"http:\/\/www.malina-safety.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/02\/ochrana_svarovani_2jpg.jpg\")
<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] OCHRANA P\u0158I SVA\u0158OV\u00c1N\u00cd \u00a0Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti podobn\u00fdch kov\u016f roztav\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a\u00a0pot\u00e9 chladnut\u00edm spoj\u00ed dohromady. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed procesu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vznik\u00e1 takov\u00fd spoj, kter\u00fd je stejn\u011b siln\u00fd nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozsah teplot 800 \u00baC \u2013 1635 \u00b0C. Mezi obecn\u00e1 rizika sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00fd proud, rozst\u0159ik roztaven\u00e9ho kovu, n\u00e1raz, hluk, \u0161kodliv\u00fd prach, kou\u0159, v\u00fdpary, intenzivn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9<\/p>\n
\u00a0Obecn\u011b plat\u00ed, \u017ee sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 d\u00fdmy a\u00a0plyny poch\u00e1z\u00ed ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edho nebo p\u0159\u00eddavn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, z\u00a0barev a\u00a0n\u00e1t\u011br\u016f na kovu,z obal\u016f elektrod, z ochrann\u00fdch plyn\u016f a z\u00a0 plyn\u016f vznikaj\u00edc\u00edch p\u0159i chemick\u00fdch reakc\u00edch v elektrick\u00e9m oblouku p\u016fsoben\u00edm vysok\u00fdch teplot a UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. D\u00e1le pak z jin\u00fdch odpa\u0159en\u00fdch ne\u010distot, jako jsou t\u0159eba \u010dist\u00edc\u00ed prost\u0159edky a r\u016fzn\u00e1 odma\u0161\u0165ovadla. Vdechov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f na pracovi\u0161ti je v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 riziko, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit \u0159adu zdravotn\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f. (Pro v\u00edce informac\u00ed viz kapitola \u201eZdravotn\u00ed rizika\u201c ). Mezi nejrizikov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1tky pat\u0159\u00ed oz\u00f3n, chrom p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ve sv\u00e9 \u0161estimocn\u00e9 variant\u011b (Cr 6 +), nikl (potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed karcinogeny), kadmium a\u00a0olovo. Kadmium ze sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt fat\u00e1ln\u00ed n\u00e1sledky v\u00a0pom\u011brn\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 dob\u011b. UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed vznikaj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00e1v\u00e1 podn\u011bt k\u00a0reakc\u00edm kysl\u00edku a\u00a0dus\u00edku ve vzduchu za vzniku ozonu a\u00a0oxid\u016f dus\u00edku, kter\u00e9 jsou ve vysok\u00fdch d\u00e1vk\u00e1ch velmi nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9, dr\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed nos a\u00a0krk\u00a0 a\u00a0zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 nemoci plic. Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee rovn\u011b\u017e zp\u016fsobovat reakce chlorderiv\u00e1t\u016f uhlovod\u00edk\u016f z\u00a0rozpou\u0161t\u011bdel (jako trichloretylen; tetrachlorethylen; 1,1,1,-trichlorethan nebo methylenchlorid) p\u0159i kter\u00fdch vznik\u00e1 fosgen, kter\u00fd je jedovat\u00fd u\u017e v\u00a0mal\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edznaky expozice jako z\u00e1vrat\u011b, zimnice a ka\u0161el se obvykle projev\u00ed asi po p\u011bti a\u017e \u0161esti hodin\u00e1ch. Jeden sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d vyprodukuje cca. 20-40 g plyn\u016f za hodinu, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 asi 35-70 kg sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdch d\u00fdm\u016f za rok. (OEL pro sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 d\u00fdmy je p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed 5mg\/m3.)<\/p>\n
Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00fdm obloukem a\u00a0laserem vznik\u00e1 ultrafialov\u00e9 (UV), infra\u010derven\u00e9 (IR) a\u00a0velmi intenzivn\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plamenem rovn\u011b\u017e vznik\u00e1 siln\u00e9 infra\u010derven\u00e9 a\u00a0viditeln\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vliv z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed na organismus z\u00e1vis\u00ed na typu a\u00a0intenzit\u011b, vzd\u00e1lenosti pracovn\u00edka od zdroje a\u00a0dob\u011b trv\u00e1n\u00ed expozice.<\/p>\n
Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (UV) vznik\u00e1 v\u00a0elektrick\u00e9m oblouku p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vystaven\u00ed poko\u017eky tomuto z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bez ochrany m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm pop\u00e1lenin\u00e1m bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed. UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 po\u0161kodit \u010do\u010dku lidsk\u00e9ho oka a\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u011b zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1n\u011bt, sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016fm dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd pocit p\u00e1len\u00ed v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (IR) uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00a0elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku a\u00a0p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plamenem m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t poko\u017eku a\u00a0tk\u00e1n\u011b bezprost\u0159edn\u011b pod povrchem. Krom\u011b tohoto efektu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch zp\u016fsobovat pop\u00e1leniny, IR nen\u00ed pro sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010de p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Nav\u00edc v\u011bt\u0161ina sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016f se chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed IR (a\u00a0UV) sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdmi kuklami (nebo br\u00fdlemi) a\u00a0ochrann\u00fdmi od\u011bvy.<\/p>\n
Intenzivn\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Vystaven\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho oka intenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vede k\u00a0adaptaci oka, pupil\u00e1rn\u00edmu reflexu (stahov\u00e1n\u00ed zornic) a\u00a0p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. To jsou obrann\u00e9 mechanismy oka, kter\u00e9 se br\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. P\u0159i obloukov\u00e9m sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je proti itenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 sva\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 kukly, proto\u017ee v d\u016fsledku opakovan\u00e9ho neopatrn\u00e9ho \u201esledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c oblouku m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0trval\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Pro v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky v\u00a0okol\u00ed plat\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0 oblouk by nikdy nem\u011bl b\u00fdt sledov\u00e1n bez ochrany o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] OCHRANA P\u0158I SVA\u0158OV\u00c1N\u00cd \u00a0Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti podobn\u00fdch kov\u016f roztav\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a\u00a0pot\u00e9 chladnut\u00edm spoj\u00ed dohromady. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed procesu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vznik\u00e1 takov\u00fd spoj, kter\u00fd je stejn\u011b siln\u00fd nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozsah teplot 800 \u00baC \u2013 1635 \u00b0C. Mezi obecn\u00e1 rizika sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00fd proud, rozst\u0159ik roztaven\u00e9ho kovu, n\u00e1raz, hluk, \u0161kodliv\u00fd prach, kou\u0159, v\u00fdpary, intenzivn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9<\/p>\n
\u00a0Ultrafialov\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (UV) vznik\u00e1 v\u00a0elektrick\u00e9m oblouku p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Vystaven\u00ed poko\u017eky tomuto z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed bez ochrany m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k\u00a0v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm pop\u00e1lenin\u00e1m bez p\u0159edchoz\u00edho varov\u00e1n\u00ed. UV z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 po\u0161kodit \u010do\u010dku lidsk\u00e9ho oka a\u00a0bezprost\u0159edn\u011b zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1n\u011bt, sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016fm dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd pocit p\u00e1len\u00ed v\u00a0o\u010d\u00edch.<\/p>\n
Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Infra\u010derven\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed (IR) uvoln\u011bn\u00e9 z\u00a0elektrick\u00e9ho oblouku a\u00a0p\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a\u00a0\u0159ez\u00e1n\u00ed plamenem m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159eh\u0159\u00e1t poko\u017eku a\u00a0tk\u00e1n\u011b bezprost\u0159edn\u011b pod povrchem. Krom\u011b tohoto efektu, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee v\u00a0n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch zp\u016fsobovat pop\u00e1leniny, IR nen\u00ed pro sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010de p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. Nav\u00edc v\u011bt\u0161ina sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u016f se chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed IR (a\u00a0UV) sv\u00e1\u0159e\u010dsk\u00fdmi kuklami (nebo br\u00fdlemi) a\u00a0ochrann\u00fdmi od\u011bvy.<\/p>\n
Intenzivn\u00ed viditeln\u00e9 sv\u011btlo<\/strong><\/h3>\n\u00a0Vystaven\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho oka intenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vede k\u00a0adaptaci oka, pupil\u00e1rn\u00edmu reflexu (stahov\u00e1n\u00ed zornic) a\u00a0p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. To jsou obrann\u00e9 mechanismy oka, kter\u00e9 se br\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. P\u0159i obloukov\u00e9m sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je proti itenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 sva\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 kukly, proto\u017ee v d\u016fsledku opakovan\u00e9ho neopatrn\u00e9ho \u201esledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c oblouku m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0trval\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Pro v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky v\u00a0okol\u00ed plat\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0 oblouk by nikdy nem\u011bl b\u00fdt sledov\u00e1n bez ochrany o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] OCHRANA P\u0158I SVA\u0158OV\u00c1N\u00cd \u00a0Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti podobn\u00fdch kov\u016f roztav\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a\u00a0pot\u00e9 chladnut\u00edm spoj\u00ed dohromady. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed procesu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vznik\u00e1 takov\u00fd spoj, kter\u00fd je stejn\u011b siln\u00fd nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozsah teplot 800 \u00baC \u2013 1635 \u00b0C. Mezi obecn\u00e1 rizika sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00fd proud, rozst\u0159ik roztaven\u00e9ho kovu, n\u00e1raz, hluk, \u0161kodliv\u00fd prach, kou\u0159, v\u00fdpary, intenzivn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9<\/p>\n
\u00a0Vystaven\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho oka intenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vede k\u00a0adaptaci oka, pupil\u00e1rn\u00edmu reflexu (stahov\u00e1n\u00ed zornic) a\u00a0p\u0159iv\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed. To jsou obrann\u00e9 mechanismy oka, kter\u00e9 se br\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu, aby nedo\u0161lo k\u00a0po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. P\u0159i obloukov\u00e9m sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je proti itenzivn\u00edmu viditeln\u00e9mu sv\u011btlu vhodn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat ochrann\u00e9 sva\u0159e\u010dsk\u00e9 kukly, proto\u017ee v d\u016fsledku opakovan\u00e9ho neopatrn\u00e9ho \u201esledov\u00e1n\u00ed\u201c oblouku m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k\u00a0trval\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed s\u00edtnice. Pro v\u0161echny pracovn\u00edky v\u00a0okol\u00ed plat\u00ed, \u017ee\u00a0 oblouk by nikdy nem\u011bl b\u00fdt sledov\u00e1n bez ochrany o\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n
<\/h2>\n
[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text] OCHRANA P\u0158I SVA\u0158OV\u00c1N\u00cd \u00a0Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed je nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob spojov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f v\u00a0pr\u016fmyslu. P\u0159i sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed se dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti podobn\u00fdch kov\u016f roztav\u00ed v\u00a0tzv. svarov\u00e9 l\u00e1zni a\u00a0pot\u00e9 chladnut\u00edm spoj\u00ed dohromady. Po ukon\u010den\u00ed procesu sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vznik\u00e1 takov\u00fd spoj, kter\u00fd je stejn\u011b siln\u00fd nebo siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e p\u016fvodn\u00ed dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 rozsah teplot 800 \u00baC \u2013 1635 \u00b0C. Mezi obecn\u00e1 rizika sva\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed elektrick\u00fd proud, rozst\u0159ik roztaven\u00e9ho kovu, n\u00e1raz, hluk, \u0161kodliv\u00fd prach, kou\u0159, v\u00fdpary, intenzivn\u00ed tepeln\u00e9<\/p>\n